5.13

Structure and function of proteins

Proteins have diverse functions.

Their structure is made of amino acids linked together.

The sequence determines shape and function.

Proteins have four levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

Primary is the sequence, secondary is folding into helices or sheets, tertiary is the 3D arrangement, and quaternary involves subunit association.

Structure is crucial for function.

Proteins can be enzymes, provide support, transmit signals, aid immunity, transport molecules, and regulate genes.

Shape allows interaction with other molecules.

Proteins bind, catalyze reactions, and recognize targets.

Shape is influenced by amino acid sequence, pH, and temperature.

Understanding protein structure and function is important for health.

Scientists design drugs targeting proteins.

A balanced diet with diverse protein sources provides necessary amino acids for protein synthesis.